YanZhiZu determined purpose in recommendation following basic principles:
First, whoever approved by the state formally published publications Chinese character works all can make recommendations.
Second, according to the primary low (1-2 grade), medium (3-4 grade), high (5-6 grade) three learning period, each study section recommended recommend based readings 10 this, finally forms 30 this pupil basis readings. Another recommendation 70 this reading list for pupils choose reading.
Third, recommend to the theme, type, when the country, publication time, press are notMBT Ema, doing restrictions. But eventually the bibliography shall present with the text book comprehensive consideration of the picture book, Chinese and foreign, literature and science, theme and genre, classical and popular elements. Also, for the three years of original books published is not recommended for general temporary, time-tested skolnick later.
Fourth, recommend around "core values" launch, the final 30 this bibliography should basic includes the main content of the core value of the pupils.
So, the same theme, theme, generally choose the works of representative one.
Fifth, in 30 this list, the same writer generally only choose a representative works.MBT Habari,In the 70 in the recommended books may be appropriately release, consider books and series. Books or series of basic bibliography, included only from selected one.
Sixth, for a variety of version of the classic, choose the quality of higher translation.
The seventh, for the same work, considering the different versions of the quality, price and binding books illustrations level and other factors so as the most reasonable price of books choice.
Eighth, adhere to the open, if found developed better work, or a better version, change in time, ensure the advanced bibliography.
The basic readings - pupils development process
The development of basic readings pupils experienced a pretty long history. Can be roughly classified into three basic stage.
The first stage: in the 1990s - 2005 to planning education libraries published "the new century" for main achievements. Since 1995, ZhuYongXin professor would organization suzhou university professor and the national famous scholars for primary and middle school students and teachers readings research and extension work in jiangsu education press, in succession, suzhou university press published "the new century such as education library". This library ZhangZhongHang by YuGuangYuan, li zhen-dao, such as domestic famous QianZhong league, academician, scholars near forty people as advisers, this library the editorial points elementary school, high school, college, teachers four series, each series 100 species (of which mainly recommended books). 20 The four books throughout the school and Internet still has greater influence in many schools,MBT Kisumu2, become the main scholarly campus construction bibliography.
Second stage: in 2006-2009, with production research "caterpillar and butterfly" children's literature bag for main achievements. In 2006, professor of education ZhuYongXin led new experimental research team developed a "caterpillar and butterfly - new education children ladder reading" children's book bag of. New education experimental research experts in advocate MBT Kisumu2, between teachers and students, parent of read, "write, common life" based on children's reading concepts, developed a new education experiment "caterpillar and butterfly" children's literature bag (runs low, medium and high section three bags of books), total of 36 by teachers, parents, especially the children's universal welcome. In 2007, the tzu chi foundation funded by Taiwan 200 million yuan to buy 15,000 sets, children's book bag in succession to gansu, Inner Mongolia, issued in qinghai province, shanxi, Beijing school for children of migrant hundreds of schools such as the class, let the children read the best literature classic books.
Stage 3:2010 September until now, by production research "China based reading list" for pupils major results. In August 2010, we established a new reading in Beijing institute of Chinese pupils formed "based readings" development project team. Work of literature, science and __ components, the humanities three groups of experts in the field of scholars in September 2010, from April 2011, to be held at least once a month for each work meeting, discuss the bibliography. Draft Daily through QQ group and E-mail, constantly for exchange and communication.
December 2010 to 2011 February, education online website in tengxun,mbt shoes sale large bibliography online auditions, obtaining the investigation vote to 100,000 effective survey data, on the bibliographic research played an important reference function.
The 2011 1-2 month during winter vacation, the project team in Beijing, shandong and henan provinces 10 cities and rural school 6,000 students, teachers and parents on this investigation, the project team buy and given to each student (read) with parents, teachers, a draft selected according to the books bibliography reading. Winter vacation after, received thousands of copies of this students, teachers and parents of this questionnaire and the important reference data as project.
The 2011 March 27, CCTV "I suggest" column based on Chinese pupils broadcast the special on the reading list - "pupils' 100 book", by televised social from all walks of life, especially after the parents and teachers students attention.
March 30, 2011, the project team in the national library held consulting experts symposium, ask for experts on booklist comments and Suggestions. Press and publication administration, vice secretary ChenYaMing published management, children's literature writer jinbo, science writer JinTao, children's literature writer MeiZiHan LinWenBao taitung university professor, Taiwan, professor, member of Chinese academy of science education in the 21st century, and severely academy, YangDongPing professors SIRS famous experts and scholars on the bibliographic put MBT Habari, forward some valuable Suggestions.
In order to guarantee the authority and scientific research institute, a new reading as many experts and scholars to hire a new reading institute consulting experts and academic advisers, bibliography to all experts after the first draft out was an enquiry letter and specilalists extremely seriously, or call to the project, or the letter to show support and puts forward concrete Suggestions. Research group fully heed to the child, parents, teachers, scholars, users etc. Several groups of opinions, and will these opinions digestion, fusion, eventually formed "30 + 70" "China based readings." pupils
Showing posts with label MBT Habari. Show all posts
Showing posts with label MBT Habari. Show all posts
Saturday, April 23, 2011
should assume joint civil legal responsibility
Japan by strengthening continuously in recent years to improve the legislation the supervision MBT Kisumu, of the Internet. On March 11 northeast of 9 earthquake happened that morning, Japan's cabinet meeting decided to congress on the part of the draft amendments to the criminal law, the draft would not only production, dissemination content with a computer virus into the criminal law, the scope, but also punishment prescribed government may require a particular network operator save 60 days of Internet user longest resume and communications records. To this, Japan has some industry related people criticize the government to strengthen the online monitoring, but also a lot of people think that this help contain increasing Internet crime.
As a developed economy, computers and the Internet, universal countries emerge in endlessly, drive-travelers online crime has been plagued by the Japanese government and ordinary people. Outlaws use a network to undertake fraud, induces mbt shoes sale minors to participate in obscene activities. Online drug trafficking or guns tools, abetted the event also people to kill themselves happen often. Spam, computer virus is overrun, which seriously affected the normal people use the Internet. Therefore, the Japanese government and network operators coordinated, according to the principle of outside within tight pine, mainly through legal means to continuously strengthen supervision of the Internet. In early 1984, Japan established management Internet "telecom business law. After entering the 21st century, along with the Internet technology developed and the network popularization, the Japanese successively formulated the "regulate Internet service providers responsibility law" and "on the use of dating sites allure minors act, the teenagers safe Internet environment servicing law and the standard email law and other laws and regulations, has effectively online crime and illegal and harmful information.
The Japanese cabinet meeting, on the one hand, decided to amend the criminal law is to increase production and dissemination of computer virus penalties for authorities nor, on the other hand, in the future, the network crime in cracking when MBT Kisumu2, from network operators get users of Internet information to enhance legal basis. To this, some industry insiders criticized the government for Internet users move is to strengthen the monitoring, possible violations citizens' right to privacy. But also commentators, in order to cope with growing online crime, protect the most ordinary Internet users to use the Internet safe, secure, and the government passed legislation to strengthen management Internet practice understandable. On March 11, after the cabinet meeting, the Japanese police launched a crackdown on Internet rumors and defamation is one of the special action, aim to prevent someone in following the earthquake, using the Internet to releasing false news and disrupt the heart, undermine social stability.
Except for the management of Internet in Japan according to criminal law and civil law, but also established the personal information protection law ", "anti-spam law", "it is prohibited to illegally read information law and the electronic contract law" and other special regulations to disposal network illegal behavior. Internet service providers ISP and network content providers ICP, websites, MBT Panda, and personal web pages, website e-b service, all belong to the category of legal norms. Information through Internet sender sends illegal and bad information station, carrying the information website also should assume joint civil legal responsibility, the website has the obligation to illegal and bad information for checks. It is because Japanese government has formulated the perfect legal system of its enrichment and constantly perfect, it effectively maintained the Japanese netizens normal Internet environment. (guangming daily Tokyo April 20 report)
As a developed economy, computers and the Internet, universal countries emerge in endlessly, drive-travelers online crime has been plagued by the Japanese government and ordinary people. Outlaws use a network to undertake fraud, induces mbt shoes sale minors to participate in obscene activities. Online drug trafficking or guns tools, abetted the event also people to kill themselves happen often. Spam, computer virus is overrun, which seriously affected the normal people use the Internet. Therefore, the Japanese government and network operators coordinated, according to the principle of outside within tight pine, mainly through legal means to continuously strengthen supervision of the Internet. In early 1984, Japan established management Internet "telecom business law. After entering the 21st century, along with the Internet technology developed and the network popularization, the Japanese successively formulated the "regulate Internet service providers responsibility law" and "on the use of dating sites allure minors act, the teenagers safe Internet environment servicing law and the standard email law and other laws and regulations, has effectively online crime and illegal and harmful information.
The Japanese cabinet meeting, on the one hand, decided to amend the criminal law is to increase production and dissemination of computer virus penalties for authorities nor, on the other hand, in the future, the network crime in cracking when MBT Kisumu2, from network operators get users of Internet information to enhance legal basis. To this, some industry insiders criticized the government for Internet users move is to strengthen the monitoring, possible violations citizens' right to privacy. But also commentators, in order to cope with growing online crime, protect the most ordinary Internet users to use the Internet safe, secure, and the government passed legislation to strengthen management Internet practice understandable. On March 11, after the cabinet meeting, the Japanese police launched a crackdown on Internet rumors and defamation is one of the special action, aim to prevent someone in following the earthquake, using the Internet to releasing false news and disrupt the heart, undermine social stability.
Except for the management of Internet in Japan according to criminal law and civil law, but also established the personal information protection law ", "anti-spam law", "it is prohibited to illegally read information law and the electronic contract law" and other special regulations to disposal network illegal behavior. Internet service providers ISP and network content providers ICP, websites, MBT Panda, and personal web pages, website e-b service, all belong to the category of legal norms. Information through Internet sender sends illegal and bad information station, carrying the information website also should assume joint civil legal responsibility, the website has the obligation to illegal and bad information for checks. It is because Japanese government has formulated the perfect legal system of its enrichment and constantly perfect, it effectively maintained the Japanese netizens normal Internet environment. (guangming daily Tokyo April 20 report)
Germany to Internet management by strengthening
On April 20, GuangMingWang dispatch (reporter in Berlin GuangMingWang submitted WangHuaiCheng) Germany for 8228 million population, 6512 million Internet users, for Internet penetration rate reached 79.1%. Germany to Internet management by strengthening, on one hand, security people enjoy the basic law provides communication and freedom of speech, and on the use of the Internet for illegal behavior. German Internet management aims to "personal interest" and "public interest" for balance between.
In developed countries, Germany is spread unhealthy for the Internet earlier comments legislation supervision of countries. 1997 on the introduction of the "information and communications standard service law traditionally called the multimedia law. The multimedia act involves network service provider's responsibility, protect personal privacy, and digital signature, network crime to protect minors etc, it is a of regulating Internet behavior of the comprehensive sex law.
This law according to law in general, network operators to provide their own content is responsible for; If the content is provided for others, network operators in not contrary to the telecommunications act if relevant conservative telecom secret of understanding these provisions of the content, it is compulsory press general laws to prevent illegal content. So network operators have the obligation to stop travels through the network of the illegal content, such as pornography, malicious speech lun, rumors, anti-semitism racist remarks such exaggerates.
Germany's telecommunications law and the multimedia act require network operators keep its users online data for a period of time. The police and security services to crack down on crime and to protect national security, through certain legal procedures to network operators may demand relevant users online information, network operators must provide according to law. So, in the German people access to the Internet to network operators, should provide necessary personal information, commonly known as "real".
The German federal office for Internet supervision, the overall XingJingJu directly under the federal data network consists of a "no suspicion of institutions, investigation centres" we used to say "similar Internet police".mbt shoes sale Its job is, according to specific suspects without charges, he can 24 hours uninterruptedly tracking and analysis of information on the Internet to find suspicious online illegal behavior.
German police affairs attributable to the federal state. Therefore, the state police departments have established corresponding online police ". The sound of Germany a previous report, also let us to Germany "network police" work have primary understanding. The article says, "in 2005, Germany and XingJingJu FuZhou set a special panel of experts, every day they patrol in Internet search, trading website, newsgroup or chat rooms are they like infested places." "They search target is potential sex offenders, pedophiles and other criminals such as the perpetrator or the economy of scalping weapons, etc." Special group, the leader's described their job leahy "like a peacetime drive patrol stop here, like, where aiming a look."
The German government each year invited judicial, economy, academic and Internet science personage to discuss efforts to prevent Internet crime. Although the German law, network operators under no obligation by the transfer MBT Kisumu, or supervisory stored information and no obligation to investigate whether have illegal behavior, but actually network operators or need to ban some content. The German telecoms etc. Five network operators voluntarily signed with the German government after the "self-discipline" clause according to federal regulation, they will XingJingJu provide information, delete and shielding what Internet unfavorable online content, the mainest is child pornography, and beautify the Nazi, preach violence, online content. These elements also cannot enter a search engine.
In Germany enter net cafe doesn't need, but Germany system for the management of Internet cafes more strict. German Internet cafe not allowed under the age of 16 students enter, because it involves a copyright issues, German Internet cafe don't allow people who download online resources, are not allowed to access private media storage devices. Internet cafe also will not allow watching child MBT Kisumu2, pornography web site, so, most Internet cafes all volunteered to install this aspect of filtering software. Internet cafe has camera equipment, if commonly using Internet cafe, the police can be engaged in illegal ACTS by the Internet data and video information such as the lock suspects.
In developed countries, Germany is spread unhealthy for the Internet earlier comments legislation supervision of countries. 1997 on the introduction of the "information and communications standard service law traditionally called the multimedia law. The multimedia act involves network service provider's responsibility, protect personal privacy, and digital signature, network crime to protect minors etc, it is a of regulating Internet behavior of the comprehensive sex law.
This law according to law in general, network operators to provide their own content is responsible for; If the content is provided for others, network operators in not contrary to the telecommunications act if relevant conservative telecom secret of understanding these provisions of the content, it is compulsory press general laws to prevent illegal content. So network operators have the obligation to stop travels through the network of the illegal content, such as pornography, malicious speech lun, rumors, anti-semitism racist remarks such exaggerates.
Germany's telecommunications law and the multimedia act require network operators keep its users online data for a period of time. The police and security services to crack down on crime and to protect national security, through certain legal procedures to network operators may demand relevant users online information, network operators must provide according to law. So, in the German people access to the Internet to network operators, should provide necessary personal information, commonly known as "real".
The German federal office for Internet supervision, the overall XingJingJu directly under the federal data network consists of a "no suspicion of institutions, investigation centres" we used to say "similar Internet police".mbt shoes sale Its job is, according to specific suspects without charges, he can 24 hours uninterruptedly tracking and analysis of information on the Internet to find suspicious online illegal behavior.
German police affairs attributable to the federal state. Therefore, the state police departments have established corresponding online police ". The sound of Germany a previous report, also let us to Germany "network police" work have primary understanding. The article says, "in 2005, Germany and XingJingJu FuZhou set a special panel of experts, every day they patrol in Internet search, trading website, newsgroup or chat rooms are they like infested places." "They search target is potential sex offenders, pedophiles and other criminals such as the perpetrator or the economy of scalping weapons, etc." Special group, the leader's described their job leahy "like a peacetime drive patrol stop here, like, where aiming a look."
The German government each year invited judicial, economy, academic and Internet science personage to discuss efforts to prevent Internet crime. Although the German law, network operators under no obligation by the transfer MBT Kisumu, or supervisory stored information and no obligation to investigate whether have illegal behavior, but actually network operators or need to ban some content. The German telecoms etc. Five network operators voluntarily signed with the German government after the "self-discipline" clause according to federal regulation, they will XingJingJu provide information, delete and shielding what Internet unfavorable online content, the mainest is child pornography, and beautify the Nazi, preach violence, online content. These elements also cannot enter a search engine.
In Germany enter net cafe doesn't need, but Germany system for the management of Internet cafes more strict. German Internet cafe not allowed under the age of 16 students enter, because it involves a copyright issues, German Internet cafe don't allow people who download online resources, are not allowed to access private media storage devices. Internet cafe also will not allow watching child MBT Kisumu2, pornography web site, so, most Internet cafes all volunteered to install this aspect of filtering software. Internet cafe has camera equipment, if commonly using Internet cafe, the police can be engaged in illegal ACTS by the Internet data and video information such as the lock suspects.
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